The Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) project, the international collaboration which famously captured the first-ever image of a black hole, has released another new and unique image showing the same black hole’s magnetic field.
The collaboration involves using telescopes and arrays from around the globe to observe the same target — in this case, the supermassive black hole at the center of the galaxy M87. Following on from the first image of this black hole released in 2019, this new image shows the way that light around the black hole is polarized.
“This work is a major milestone: the polarization of light carries information that allows us to better understand the physics behind the image we saw in April 2019, which was not possible before,” explained Iván Martí-Vidal, Coordinator of the EHT Polarimetry Working Group, in a statement. “Unveiling this new polarized-light image required years of work due to the complex techniques involved in obtaining and analyzing the data.”
This is the first time polarization of a black hole has been measured so close to its edge. By tracking the polarization of the light, researchers can see the lines of the magnetic field at the edge of the black hole.
This helps them to understand how black holes absorb dust and gas from the disks surrounding them and how they send out dramatic jets of energy that reach as far as 5,000 light-years from their center.
“The newly published polarized images are key to understanding how the magnetic field allows the black hole to ‘eat’ matter and launch powerful jets,” said EHT collaboration member Andrew Chael, a NASA Hubble Fellow at the Princeton Center for Theoretical Science and the Princeton Gravity Initiative in the US.
The EHT collaboration will continue working to observe more details about this black hole and its magnetic field in particular.
